False Doctrine, Wine and Vineyard of the Lord

Delving a little deeper, Isaiah 5 is about False Doctrine.

When we read Isaiah 5, we are prone to assume some very simplistic symbolism. But the Jews have a deeper symbolism that we have not always delved into. The Vineyard may be the Lord’s people, but what is wine? For the Jews, wine represents understanding or knowledge.

How does this illuminate the passage? This chapter starts off with the Parable of the Vineyard – a vineyard was planted but brings forth bad, perhaps even poisonous, grapes. So the Lord of the Vineyard will destroy it.

Thus, the vineyard is yielding corrupt understanding, or false doctrine.
But this is more interesting once you start looking at the Six Woes. At first, they appear to be six unrelated curses. But they all have a common theme, once you understand what wine is.

First: (5:8-10) Hording land -> hording vineyards: At the surface level, this doesn’t appear to have a connection to the parable, but what would this mean in terms of knowledge? Those who gatekeep knowledge, perhaps including schools.

Second: (5:11-12) Those who drink carelessly -> those who do not treat knowledge seriously. “they regard not the work of the Lord,”

Followed by two Therefores. Notice the theme is a lack of knowledge, that is equated with thirst and hunger.

Third: (5:18-19) Drawing vanity. -> In the context of knowledge, is this those who make rationalizations for sin?

Fourth: (5:20) Call evil good -> flat out falsehood

Fifth: (5:21) Wise in their own eyes -> proud

Sixth: (5:22-24) Mighty to drink wine. Why would alcohol lead to “Which justify the wicked for reward, and take away the righteousness of the righteous from him!”? Unless they are drinking knowledge, and using it for corrupt ends. It is knowledge and power they are drunk on.

Followed by two Therefores. Notice that their root and blossom, instead of growing the vineyard, are part of the vineyard becoming rotten and dust. In other words, the result of all this false doctrine, and misuse of knowledge, is destruction. Not merely for the ancient Jews, but for us as well. This pertains to us today.

And that is how the chapter ends, with the Lord promising to destroy them. The end of the chapter isn’t about missionary work. It is Isaiah showing just how dire things were, and just how apostate his people are.
Notice, that the Book of Isaiah does not start out with Isaiah’s vision and commission. We get the stage set first, with the Lord of the Vineyard saying, “what more could be done?” Nothing, except destruction. This is what makes chapter 6 powerful, because we now understand the stakes and the context that the vision happens in.